Enamel prism

Dental enamel

An enamel prism, or enamel rod, is the basic unit of tooth enamel. Measuring 3-6 μm in diameter in primates, enamel prism are tightly packed hydroxyapatite crystals structures. The hydroxyapatite crystals are hexagonal in shape, providing rigidity to the prism and strengthening the enamel. In cross-section, it is best compared to a complex “keyhole” or a “fish-like” shape. The head, which is called the prism core, is oriented toward the tooth’s crown; The tail, which is called the prism sheath, is oriented toward the tooth cervical margin[1] [2]. The prism core has tightly packed hydroxyapatite crystals. On the other hand, the prism sheath has its crystals less tightly packed and has more space for organic components. These prism structures can usually be visualised within ground sections and/or with the use of a scanning electron microscope on enamel that has been acid etched[3].

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