Four Pests campaign

Chinese government policy encouraging hostility to perceived biological pests

The Four Evils campaign was one of the first campaigns of the Great Leap Forward in Maoist China from 1958 to 1962. Authorities targeted four "pests" for elimination: rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows. The extermination of sparrows – also known as the smash sparrows campaign or the eliminate sparrows campaign – resulted in severe ecological imbalance, and was one of the causes of the Great Chinese Famine which lasted from 1959 to 1961. In 1960, the campaign against sparrows ended, and bed bugs became an official target.

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