Mammuthus africanavus

Species of mammoth known from northern and central Africa (fossil)

Mammuthus africanavus is a species of mammoth known from remains spanning the Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene found in Central and North Africa in the countries of Chad, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria. It was originally described by Camille Arambourg in 1952 based on remains found around Lake Ichkeul in north Tunisia as a species of Elephas. Some specimens from this sample may genuinely represent Elephas rather than Mammuthus, though the holotype has been argued to likely represent a true mammoth. Some authors have argued that the species should be placed in Loxodonta, reflecting the difficulty in distinguishing the teeth of early elephantids. It is distinguished from the earlier Mammuthus subplanifrons by having a higher number of ridges/lamellae on the teeth, which display a greater parallelity, the molars being more hypsodont, with the molars having a greater amount of cementum and thinner enamel, and the molar plates exhibit closer spacing.

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