Sebastianism

Portuguese messianic myth

Sebastianism is a Portuguese messianic myth, based on the belief that King Sebastian of Portugal, who disappeared in the 1578 battle of Alcácer Quibir, would reappear and return to Portugal at some critical point in the future. The belief gained momentum after an interpretation by priest António Vieira of the second chapter of the Book of Daniel and the Book of Revelation. In Brazil the most important manifestation of Sebastianism took place in the context of the Proclamation of the Republic, when movements defending a return to the monarchy emerged. It is categorised as an example of the King asleep in mountain folk motif, typified by people awaiting a hero. The Portuguese author Fernando Pessoa wrote about such a hero in his epic Mensagem.

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