Tumor necrosis factor

Protein

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), formerly known as TNF-α, is an inflammatory protein and a principal mediator of the innate immune response. TNF is produced primarily by macrophages in response to antigens, and activates inflammatory pathways through its two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. It is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, a family of type II transmembrane proteins that function as cytokines. Excess production of TNF plays a critical role in the pathology of several inflammatory diseases, and anti-TNF therapies are often employed to treat these diseases.

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